ἄνθρωπος

ἄνθρωπος, ἡ, [dialect] Att. crasis ἅνθρωπος, [dialect] Ion. ὥνθρωπος, for ὁ ἄνθρ-:—

A man, both as a generic term and of individuals, Hom. etc., opp. gods,

ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τ' ἀνθρώπων Il.5.442

, etc.; πρὸς ἠοίων ἢ ἑσπερίων ἀνθρώπων the men of the east or of the west, Od.8.29; even of the dead in the Isles of the Blest, ib.4.565;

κόμπος οὐ κατ' ἄνθρωπον A.Th.425

, cf. S.Aj.761.

2 Pl. uses it both with and without the Art. to denote man generically,

ὁ ἄ. θείας μετέσχε μοίρας Prt.322a

;

οὕτω . . εὐδαιμονέστατος γίγνεται ἄ. R.619b

, al.; ὁ ἄ. the ideal man, humanity,

ἀπώλεσας τὸν ἄ., οὐκ ἐπλήρωσας τὴν ἐπαγγελίαν Arr.Epict.2.9.3

.

3 in pl., mankind,

ἀνθρώπων . . ἀνδρῶν ἠδὲ γυναικῶν Il.9.134

;

ἐν τῷ μακρῷ . . ἀνθρώπων χρόνψ S.Ph.306

; ἐξἀνθρώπων γίγνεσθαι depart this life, Paus.4.26.5, cf. Philostr.VA8.31.

b joined with a [comp] Sup. to increase its force,

δεινότατον τῶν ἐν ἀνθρώποις ἁπάντων D.53.2

; ὁ ἄριστος ἐν ἀνθρώποις ὄρτυξ the best quail in the world, Pl.Ly.211e; freq. without a Prep., μάλιστα, ἥκιστα ἀνθρώπων, most or least of all, Hdt.1.60, Pl.Lg.629a, Prt.361e; ἄριστά γ' ἀ., ὀρθότατα ἀ., Id.Tht.148b, 195b, etc.

c τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πράγματα 'all the trouble in the world', ib.170e;

γραφὰς τὰς ἐξ ἀνθρώπων ἐγράφετο Lys.13.73

;

αἱ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων πληγαί Aeschin.1.59

;

πάντα τὰ ἐξ ἀνθρώπων κακὰ ἔλεγε D.C.57.23

.

4 joined with another Subst., like ἀνήρ, ἄ. ὁδίτης Il.16.263;

πολίτας ἀ. D.22.54

; with names of nations,

πόλις Μερόπων ἀνθρώπων h.Ap.42

; in [dialect] Att. freq. in a contemptuous sense, ἄ. ὑπογραμματεύς, ἄ. γόης, ἄ. συκοφάντης, Lys.30.28, Aeschin.2.153,183;

ἄ. ἀλαζών X.Mem.1.7.2

;

ἄ. ὑφάντης Pl.Phd.87b

;

Μενίππου, Καρός τινος ἀνθρώπου D.21.175

;

ἄ. βασιλεύς Ev.Matt.22.2

.

5 ἅνθρωπος or ὁ ἄνθρωπος alone, the man, the fellow, Pl.Prt.314e, Phd.117e; ὡς ἀστεῖος ὁ ἄ., with slight irony, ib.116d, al.; with a sense of pity, D.21.91.

6 in the voc. freq. in a contemptuous sense, as when addressed to slaves, etc., ἄνθρωπε or

ὤνθρωπε

sirrah! you sir!

Hdt.3.63

,8.125, and freq. in Pl., but in Trag. only S.Aj.791,1154; simply, brother, POxy.215.1, Diog.Oen. 2.

7 slave,

ἂν ἄ. ᾖ Philem.22

;

ἄ. ἐμός Gal.14.649

; ὁ ἄ. τῆς ἁμαρτίας or

ἀνομίας 2 Ep.Thess.2.3

;

ἄ. τοῦ Θεοῦ

1 Ep.Tim.

6.11

; but τιθέναι τινὰ ἐν ἀνθρώποις make a man of, of a freed slave, Herod.5.15.

8 ἄ. ἄ. any one, Hebraism in LXX Le.17.3 (cf. ἀνήρ VI.8); ἄ. like Germ. man 'one', 1 Ep.Cor.4.1,al.

9 Medic., name of a plaster,

ἡ διὰ σάνδυκος ἄ. καλουμένη Aët.15.43

.

II as fem., woman, Pi.P.4.98, Hdt.1.60, Isoc.18.52, Arist.EN1148b20; contemptuously, of female slaves, Antipho1.17, Is.6.20, etc.; with a sense of pity, D.19.197.—Prop. opp. θηρίον, cf. ἀνήρ; but opp. γυνή, Aeschin.3.137;

ἀπὺ ἀνθρώπου ἕως γυναικός LXX 1 Es.9.40

, etc.